Different pollutants are released into the atmosphere from a wide range of sources, including industry, transport, agriculture, waste management and households. Air pollution occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes or smoke or odour are introduced into the atmosphere in a way that makes it harmful to humans, animals and plant. Jun 05, 2015 identify possible sources of indoor air pollution. The government is trying to remove the use of leaded petrol, a major cause of air pollution. For these reasons, some experts feel that more people suffer from the effects of indoor air pollution than outdoor pollution.
Indoor air pollution is a concern in the developed countries, where energy efficiency improvements sometimes make houses relatively airtight, reducing. Indoor air pollution numerous forms of indoor air pollution are possible in the modern home. This definition implicitly acknowledges that some substances that are considered to be air pollutants are present naturally. You might think that if indoor air pollution is a problem in an enclosed place like your house, then it must be even worse in an airplane. Environmental protection agency sets and enforces air quality standards only for ambient air. Air pollutant levels in the home increase if not enough outdoor air is brought in to dilute emissions from indoor sources and to carry indoor air pollutants out of the home. This publication is a concise summary of the evidence for health effects of exposure to indoor air pollution from solid fuel use in children and adults. Environmental protection agency, office of air and radiation. Download ready to use free air pollution ppt template. Definition of outdoor air pollution outdoor air pollution.
Indoor air pollution can pose a serious health threat. Indoorairqualityin commercialandinstitutional buildings occupationalsafetyandhealthadministration u. Improving your indoor air quality british lung foundation. Air pollution affects all regions, settings, socioeconomic groups, and age groups.
Envirotecs indoor air quality guide for londonbased offices, restaurants and shops. In the short term, exposure to high concentrations of indoor air pollution can cause eye irritation, headaches, nose and throat irritation, fatigue, and dizziness. Indoor air quality iaq us epa jump to main content. Best practices for design, construction and commissioning is designed for architects, design engineers, contractors, commissioning agents, and all other professionals concerned with indoor air quality summary part i and detailed part ii guidance provides. A comparative study of indoor air pollution and its respiratory impacts in delhi, india p. Indoor air pollution indoor air is air within a building such as your home, classroom, office, shopping center, hospital or gym. World health organization protection of the human environment geneva 2002. Air pollution is the release of air pollutants into the atmosphere. To minimize health risks, choose lowvoc paint and keep the windows open while painting and for several days. Indoor air quality is influenced by concentrations of outdoor air pollutants, indoor sources of pollution, characteristics of the building and the habits of the residents.
A comparative study of indoor air pollution and its. This web site will educate the public about indoor environmental issues, including health risks and the means by which human exposures can be reduced. Research has shown, however, that the ventilation systems used by commercial aircraft may actually reduce the spread of airborne organisms by as much as 63 percent source. Indoor air quality iaq is the air quality within and around buildings and structures. Definitions and classifications used in the study of air pollution are introduced. Children may be more sensitive to pollution, and children with asthma are especially sensitive.
Outdoor air pollution an overview sciencedirect topics. Indoor air pollution refers to chemical, biological and physical contamination of indoor air. Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Smithd air pollution in general and indoor air pollution in particular have been associated in many peoples mind with industrialization and urbanization and, thus, with. Indoor air pollution has occurred since prehistoric times when people moved to live indoors and fire was brought into closed shelters for cooking and space heating 1. Indoor air is air within a building such as your home, classroom, office, shopping center, hospital or gym. Who the health effects of indoor air pollution exposure. Iaq is known to affect the health, comfort and wellbeing of building occupants. Indoor air pollution is caused by burning solid fuel sources such as firewood, crop waste, and dung for cooking and heating. The objectives of the indoor air pollution and health iapah research project were to quantify the levels of indoor air pollution iap in irish and scottish homes from indoor combustion sources, and to provide an estimate of the potential health burden, i.
Although official efforts to control air pollution have traditionally focused on outdoor air, it is now apparent that elevated contaminant concentrations are common inside some private and public buildings. We work, study, eat, drink and sleep in enclosed environments where air circulation may be restricted. Asthma is responsible for millions of missed school days each. Zone 1, red, highest potential greater than 4 pcil zone 2, orange, moderate potential from 2 to 4 pcil zone 3, yellow, low potential less than 2 pcil 7 indoor air pollution radon. The environmental protection agency epa estimates that people in industrialized nations spend as much as 90 percent of their time indoors. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and. Free air pollution ppt template download free powerpoint ppt. The presence in to air indoors the physical, chemical and biological contaminants not normally present in outdoor air of high quality system the factors of pollution are confined space.
Introduction although pollutant concentrations vary significantly from building to building, the levels of some common air pollutants often are greater indoors than outdoors. But if you are concerned about air pollution, there is a free and easy to use service that allows you to. The european commission has developed a series of framework directives for controlling ambient air pollution and monitoring concentrations. In developing countries, the main source of indoor air pollution is biomass smoke which contains suspended particulate matter 5pm, nitrogen dioxide no2, sulphur dioxide so2, carbon monoxide ca, formaldehyde and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs. Because we have given more than 30 ppt in one place. It refers to the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of air in the indoor environment within a home, building, or an institution or commercial facility. Thurston, in international encyclopedia of public health second edition, 2017. Rapid population growth, uncontrolled urban expansion, increased energy consumption, and increased motorization all translate into serious air pollution problems in cities throughout the world. Of those deaths, around 3 million are attributable solely to ambient outdoor air pollution. Today, indoor air pollution caused by burning of traditional solid fuels such as woodfuel, agricultural residues, and dried animal dung in unvented cookstoves in rural areas of.
Khare department of civil engineering, indian institute of technology, india abstract the present study aims at investigating the indoor air quality iaq in selected. We say indoor air pollution if indoor air is contaminated by smoke, chemicals, smells or particles. Indoor air pollution is when pollutants contaminate air indoors and is a very dangerous problem, claiming more than 2 million lives each year. Pdf download indoor air pollution and health clinical. We say indoor air pollution if indoor air is contaminated by smoke, chemicals, smells or particles unlike outdoor air pollution, the effect of indoor air pollution is health related and less of an environmental issue. Indoor air pollution may arise from the use of open fires, unsafe fuels or combustion of. This activity demonstrates how visible and invisible pollutants can spread through the. Abstract indoor air pollution iap is a relevant area of concern for most developing countries as it has a direct impact on mortality and morbidity. Pdf download indoor air pollution and health clinical allergy and immunology download full ebook. According to the arb, indoor air pollutant levels can be anywhere between 25 to 62 percent greater than outside levels 1. Improving your indoor air quality involves making a few adjustments to how you run your home, shopping smarter and replacing certain items you use with less toxic versions. Indoor air pollution is ubiquitous, and takes many forms, ranging from smoke emitted from solid fuel combustion, especially in households in developing countries, to complex mixtures of volatile.
Air plays a vital role not only in nature but also in the lives of human beings and all living organisms. Doing so will make a big difference not only for the planet, but also for your familys health and wellbeing. Report to congress on indoor air quality, volume ii. Household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources of air pollution. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution. Although outdoor air pollution first caught the worlds attention as a health threat because of major pollution disasters, such as the london smog episode in 1950 that resulted in thousands of excess deaths ministry of health of great britain, 1954, indoor air pollution has also now been increasingly. The authors provide insights into different cultural settings and their consequences for indoor air quality. In 2012, one out of every nine deaths was the result of air pollution related conditions. In developing countries, the main source of indoor air pollution is biomass smoke which contains suspended particulate matter 5pm, nitrogen dioxide no2, sulphur dioxide so2, carbon monoxide ca. Indoor air pollution and the lungs european lung foundation.
Download a free copy of the iaq guide primer from the may 2010 ashrae journal pdf. Assessment and control of indoor air pollution, pp. The weight of an air contaminant in a cubic meter of air 3mgm and the volume ratio ppm v, or just ppm are normally used. Unlike outdoor air pollution, the effect of indoor air pollution is health related and less of an environmental issue. Since most people spend more time indoors than out. Fuel types, traditional cooking stoves and air pollution. In some cases, indoor air pollutants may even be 100 times higher than outdoors. Our goal is to reveal to you all of the key factors regarding indoor air pollutants and help you determine if this is something you should be concerned with or not. For environmental health science students air pollution mengesha admassu, mamo wubeshet university of gondar in collaboration with the ethiopia public health training initiative, the carter center, the ethiopia ministry of health, and the ethiopia ministry of education august 2006. The burning of such fuels, particularly in poor households, results in air pollution that leads to respiratory diseases which can result in premature death. Those pollutants may be gases or particulate matter and can come from a.
Indoor air pollution, health and economic well being. The outdoor environment with its pollutant concentrations construction materials, forniture. Pollutants of major public health concern include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Developed in cooperation with the american institute of architects, the u. Benzene 15 general description 15 indoor sources 15 pathways of exposure 17 indoor concentrations 18 indooroutdoor. Indoor air pollution environmental health student portal. Jun 08, 2015 jeffrey may, principal scientist, may indoor air investigations llc, tyngsborough, massachusetts, and author of the book, my house is killing me. Sources of air pollution in europe air pollution is not the same anywhere. Further, the book briefly discusses building certification as a marketoriented tool to improve energy efficiency and indoor air quality in the building sector. The air is certainly a lot cleaner today than in the days of the smogs of the 1950s, when factory chimneys belched out smoke and nearly everyone had a coal fire. Both ambient outdoor and household indoor air pollution cause respiratory and other diseases, which can be fatal.
Indoor air pollution iap from burning wood, animal dung and other biofuels is a major cause of acute respiratory infections, which constitute the most important cause of death for young children in developing countries murray and lopez 1996. Epa studies indicate that the levels of many air pollutants may be two to five times higher in indoor air than outdoor air. Air pollution represents the biggest environmental risk to health. Hundreds of internal and external links to resources for the design, construction, and commissioning of. Green building council, the builders and owners management association international, the sheet metal and air conditioning contractors of north america, and the u.
Poor indoor air quality has been linked to sick building syndrome, reduced productivity and impaired learning in schools. Indoor air pollution the amount of contaminants in the air inside a building from sources such as cigarette smoking, fuel combustion for heating or cooking, certain wallboards, carpets, or insulation as well as the geology of the area radon in soil or rocks beneath the structure. Concerns about potential public health problems due to indoor air pollution are based on evidence that urban residents typically spend more than 90 percent of their time indoors. Indoor air pollution outdoor pollution indoor pollution 2. Oecd glossary of statistical terms indoor air pollution. Pollutants can cause a wide range of shortterm and longterm health problems. Departmentoflabor osha343004 2011 the guidance is advisory in. Today, indoor air pollution caused by burning of traditional solid fuels such as woodfuel, agricultural residues, and dried animal dung in unvented cookstoves in rural areas of developing countries is not much different. Free indoor air pollution and health clinical allergy and immunology read download.
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